The introduction of neural network system and its applications in rock engineering   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Yi Huang  Stefan Wnstedt 《Engineering Geology》1998,49(3-4):253-260

The neural network system has been developing very fast recently. It has been widely used in many industries such as automation, nuclear power plant, chemical industry, etc. Neural network systems have a great advantage in dealing with problems in which many factors influence the process and result, and the understanding of this process is poor, and there are experimental data or field data. In rock engineering, many problems are of this nature. In this paper, a brief introduction to neural network systems is given. Problems such as what is a neural network, how it works and what kind of advantages it has are discussed. After this, several applications in rock engineering, made by us, are presented. Case 1 is ore boundary delineation. In this case, the rock are divided into three classes, i.e.: (1) waste rock; (2) semi-ore; and (3) ore for mining purposes. The neural network system built can judge whether it is ore, semi-ore or waste rock along the borehole according its corresponding geophysical logging data, such as gamma-ray, gamma-gamma, neutron and resistivity. Case 2 is aggregate quality prediction. In this case, the quality parameters: (1) impact value; (2) abrasion value I; and (3) abrasion value II are predicted by using a neural network system based on density, point load, content of quarts and content of brittle minerals. Case 3 is rock indentation depth prediction. In this case, the rock indentation depth under indentation load is predicted by the established neural network system based on the indentation load on rock, indenter type and rock mechanical properties, such as uniaxial compressive strength, Young's modulus. Poisson's ratio, critical energy release rate and density. In all these cases, the neural network systems have been applied successfully. The testing results are satisfactory and better than the existing techniques.  相似文献   

Application of the DDM and fracture mechanics model on the simulation of rock breakage by mechanical tools   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

X.C. Tan  S.Q. Kou  P.-A. Lindqvist 《Engineering Geology》1998,49(3-4):277-284

A DDM (displacement discontinuity method) program coupled with a modified energy criterion is used to simulate the development of cracks and chips by indentation tools. In our analysis a cavity model is applied to represent the expansion of crushed rock to the surrounding rock and the cracks are formedin two-dimensional and quasi-static conditions. The model parameters, rock properties and load magnitudes are varied in the numerical calculations. The results show that chips are formed by multiple mechanisms of either tension or shear, or their combinations. The cracks may either propagate to the free surface to form chips or rest in the rock subsurface. The crack development is dependent upon rock and fracture properties, loading force and tool characteristics. The DDM is a convenient tool in the study of rock fragmentation and cracks.  相似文献   

铀矿地质样品中有机碳的测定     

孔玉清 《铀矿地质》1998,14(2):115-118

用盐酸预处理岩矿样品以驱除样品中的碳酸盐碳;滤出酸不溶物并洗净,待干燥后置入900-1000℃的管式炉中,在富氧气流中灼烧,有机碳被氧化成CO2由烧碱石棉吸收后称重,根据烧碱石棉管的增重计算有机碳的含量。对含有机碳为0．23％的样品进行10次测定,标准偏差为0．0116％,变异系数为5．04％。  相似文献   

论新疆兴地基性超基性杂岩分带性   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

洛长义  杨合群 《西北地质科学》1998,19(1):52-58

笔者将兴地基性超基性杂岩划分为南北两个岩带．南岩带（称为兴地河基性超基性岩带）形成于中元古代,系幔深橄榄拉斑玄武质岩浆活动的产物,具铜镍硫化物成矿专属性,北岩带（称为且干布拉克-团结村偏碱性超基性岩带）形成于晚元古代,系幔源碱性橄榄玄武岩浆、碳酸岩浆及类金伯利岩浆活动的产物,具蛭石、磷灰石、透辉石成矿专属性。  相似文献   

岩体不连续间距数学模型的一个修正函数     

陈枫  孙宗颀 《工程地质学报》1998,6(2):150-154

不连续间距对岩体性质具有十分重要的意义。基于无限长测量线得到的岩体不连续间距的负幂指数分布是最重要的一种概率分布密度, 为纠正因用有限长测量线而带来的不连续间距的分布误差, 本文提出了一个封闭形式的修正函数。结果表明, 该法可显著减少不连续间距的相对误差, 从而可以采用较短的测量线来测量岩体的不连续间距。  相似文献   

郑州市城区深部基岩层热储特征分析     

刘传权  郭克剑 《华南地质与矿产》2008,(2):58-61

通过对郑州市城区深部基岩层热储的岩性、构造、热源及盖层条件分析研究,总结了该区热储特征,并首次提出了断裂循环型带状热储构造网络体系的构思,这对该区今后深部基岩层热储的研究具有一定的参考意义。  相似文献   

Time-dependent stress change during failure of rocks     

V.T. Belikov  A.F. Shestakov 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2008,49(5):350-356

The energy balance of a solid subject to fracture has been explored using heat and mass transfer equations with regard to the volumetric and superficial components. In the suggested model, brittle fracture of a cracked solid considered as a heterogeneous two-phase medium is described by an equation analogous to the Griffith’s criterion for propagation of a single crack. The derived equation is used, together with estimates of relative change in specific interface area, to study the respective change of free strain energy and pressure in rocks associated with failure.  相似文献   

An implementation of rock engineering system for ranking the instability potential of natural slopes in Greek territory. An application in Karditsa County   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D. Rozos  L. Pyrgiotis  S. Skias  P. Tsagaratos 《Landslides》2008,5(3):261-270

This paper presents an application of rock engineering system (RES) in an attempt to reveal and assess the inherent instability potential of 388 sites where equivalent landslides have been manifested and recorded in the region of Karditsa County, Greece. The main objective has been defining the principal causative and triggering factors responsible for the manifestation of landslide phenomena, quantify their interactions, obtain their weighted coefficients, and calculate the instability index, which refers to the inherent potential instability of each natural slope of the examined region. From the statistical interpretation of the data reported in a well-documented database and concerning the examined failure sites, a clear correlation between the instability index and the area affected by a single landslide event has been revealed. Almost the entire failure sites, 98% of the examined slope sites, exhibit an instability index value over 55, a value which is thought to be a critical threshold for landslide manifestation concerning natural slopes in Karditsa County. It is argued that the presented RES methodology, engaging the selected set of parameters, could be considered as an effective expert's tool for ranking, in an objectively optimal and simple way, the instability potential of natural slopes in Karditsa County, and thus providing a tool for sound zoning landslide hazard.  相似文献   

Assessing soil erosion in Mediterranean karst landscapes of Lebanon using remote sensing and GIS   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

R. Bou Kheir  C. Abdallah  M. Khawlie 《Engineering Geology》2008,99(3-4):239

Maps showing the potential for soil erosion at 1:100,000 scale are produced in a study area within Lebanon that can be used for evaluating erosion of Mediterranean karstic terrain with two different sets of impact factors built into an erosion model. The first set of factors is: soil erodibility, morphology, land cover/use and rainfall erosivity. The second is obtained by the first adding a fifth factor, rock infiltration. High infiltration can reflect high recharge, therefore decreasing the potential of surface runoff and hence the quantity of transported materials. Infiltration is derived as a function of lithology, lineament density, karstification and drainage density, all of which can be easily extracted from satellite imagery. The influence of these factors is assessed by a weight/rate approach sharing similarities between quantitative and qualitative methods and depending on pair-wise comparison matrix.The main outcome was the production of factorial maps and erosion susceptibility maps (scale 1:100,000). Spatial and attribute comparison of erosion maps indicates that the model that includes a measure of rock infiltration better represents erosion potential. Field investigation of rills and gullies shows 87.5% precision of the model with rock infiltration. This is 17.5% greater than the precision of the model without rock infiltration. These results indicate the necessity and importance of integrating information on infiltration of rock outcrops to assess soil erosion in Mediterranean karst landscapes.  相似文献   

Geotechnical properties of evaporite soils of the Dead Sea area     

Sam Frydman  Josef Charrach  Ian Goretsky 《Engineering Geology》2008,101(3-4):236-244

The Dead Sea Basin is the lowest point on earth and is tectonically subsiding. During the Holocene Period the climate became much drier with increasing evaporation whereby initially lacustrine sediments were deposited from the non-marine brines, giving a multi-layered stratigraphy of lime carbonate and halite sediments. The lime carbonate sediments are comprised of laminated, clay to silt sized, clastic sediments (calcite) and authigenic aragonite and gypsum. The halite commonly appears as rock salt. Chemical industries, based on harvesting the salts from the Dead Sea, have developed on both the Israeli and the Jordanian sides of the basin. The lime carbonate soils are used for dike construction, and these soils, together with significant salt layers, are encountered in the foundations of structures, dikes, and tailings dams, requiring definition of their geotechnical properties. Use of standard soil mechanics definitions and testing approaches for the lime carbonates have been found inapplicable, particularly in view of their exceptionally high saline content, and it has been necessary to develop new concepts. The rock salt is encountered at shallow depths, with unit weights considerably lower than those usually discussed in the literature, and with correspondingly different mechanical properties. The geotechnical properties of these soils, and approaches used to define them, are discussed in the paper.  相似文献